Natural Gas Processing
One of the most common sources for gas treating is Natural gas , with a huge range in the ratio of CO2/H2S and with treating by high pressure . If natural gas isn't an application of LNG , it can be treated by H2S removal if the ratio of CO2 is quite high. If propane and higher fractions is present, the need of using mixed solvents or physical is reduced. And vice versa in the case of presence of organic Sulfur
When natural gas has significant CO2 or H2S ratios:
For large units, it is recommended to use proprietary solvents
For small units,it is recommended to use conventional solvents particularly with modest acid /sour gas levels
Petroleum Refining
The second source is Petroleum refining , gas treating source with low CO2 content, in this case the gas may have organic sulfur, COS, organic acids ,cyanides, and ammonia. The acid gas obtained from hydrocracking and hydrotreating basically contains H2S and NH3. The gas H2S specifications and the gas treating pressures have agreat variation for each individual application, and MDEA / DEA / MEA or (formulated amines) are the systematic solvents. The refinery has multiple absorbers, typically, and many regenerators . They are:
*Treating of Fuel gas
*product/fuel gas of Hydrotreater
*Recycle gas of Hydrotreater
*Hydrocracker product/fuel gas
*Recycle gas Hydrocracker
*LPG liq-liq contactor
*catalyst/Thermal cracker gases
*Services combined or independent as practical
Treatment of Synthesis Gas
The treatment of synthesis gas can be distinguishd by high ratio of CO2 and low (or may no) H2S. If there is a limitation of CO2 amount, it is favored to use selective H2S treating by physical solvent, formulated amine, or mixed solvent. If there is no H2S and modest complete CO2 removal is present, it is favored to use physical solvent, hot potassium ,activated MDEA, and mixed amine.
Outline of Data Base
How to select the o process?
Types of gas-treating units are many categories and each of them requires its own simulator, solvents, or technology. However, those projects are required to be studied with several technologies to meet the required specification,
duties, and circulation rate which are truly dependent on the composition of the gas (such as NH3, H2S,and CO2). In addition and to make sure it is economic, the selected optimized process must be evaluated.
The Table below represents the most common processes being used in gas plant industries.
source: State-of-the-Art In Gas Treating
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Mahin Rameshni, P.E.
Chief Process Engineer
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